CPC H01M 4/366 (2013.01) [H01M 4/0471 (2013.01); H01M 4/133 (2013.01); H01M 4/134 (2013.01); H01M 4/1393 (2013.01); H01M 4/1395 (2013.01); H01M 4/364 (2013.01); H01M 4/386 (2013.01); H01M 4/587 (2013.01); H01M 4/622 (2013.01); H01M 10/0525 (2013.01); H01M 2004/027 (2013.01)] | 13 Claims |
1. An anode for use in lithium-ion battery, the anode comprising:
a silicon-carbon composite containing silicon nanoparticles encased with carbon in pores below a surface of a carbon matrix of the silicon-carbon composite;
two or more coatings of carbon on the silicon-carbon composite; and
a polymeric binder,
wherein the silicon nanoparticles are crystalline, and the carbon matrix and the two or more coatings of carbon are amorphous, and wherein the silicon nanoparticles encased with carbon are interconnected through the two or more coatings of carbon, wherein complete encasement of silicon nanoparticles with carbon is achieved by three or more pyrolytic treatments of the two or more carbon coatings, wherein the silicon-carbon composite has micron-size particles with silicon nanoparticles at surface of the micron-size particles, and wherein the anode contains micropores and mesopores resulting in total pore volume of 0.007 cm3 g−1.
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