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1. A method of assigning coded fluorescence patterns to a plurality of target analytes in a sample, comprising: subjecting the sample to a plurality of detection rounds, each detection round comprising: contacting the sample to a decoding oligonucleotide probe population comprising decoding oligonucleotide probes that each recruit, by reverse complementary base pairing, one translator connector element comprising a fluorescence moiety signal element selected from at least two distinct populations of fluorescence moieties to at least some of the plurality of target analytes; wherein the decoding oligonucleotide probes do not directly bind target analytes; and wherein the decoding oligonucleotide probes are recruited to their target analytes by analyte specific probes, each analyte specific probe having an identifier element that is reverse complementary to a portion of at least one decoding oligonucleotide; contacting the sample to the at least two populations of translator connector elements differing in their fluorescence moieties, wherein the at least two populations of translator connector element differ in fluorescence moiety from one another; assaying for fluorescence in the sample; removing the decoding oligonucleotide probe population and the translator connector elements after each round of the assaying without removing the analyte specific probes, by heating the sample until base pairings in the decoding oligonucleotide probe population are destabilized but base pairings between the analyte specific probes and the analytes remain intact; wherein the decoding oligonucleotide probes of the decoding oligonucleotide probe population vary across the plurality of detection rounds causing the translator connector element comprising a fluorescence moiety signal element recruited to a target analyte to vary in fluorescence moiety across the plurality of detection rounds; and wherein the translator connector elements differing in their fluorescence moieties do not vary in composition across the plurality of detection rounds; wherein a fluorescence pattern at an analyte position in the sample is specified by order of decoding oligonucleotide probe addition to the sample.
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