| CPC C23C 16/503 (2013.01) [C23C 16/45502 (2013.01); C23C 16/4586 (2013.01); C23C 16/505 (2013.01); C23C 16/52 (2013.01); H01L 21/02115 (2013.01); H01L 21/02274 (2013.01); H01L 21/02521 (2013.01); H01L 21/02527 (2013.01)] | 11 Claims |

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1. A carbon hardmask, comprising:
an amorphous carbon layer disposed on a surface of a substrate, the amorphous carbon layer has a density of more than about 1.8 g/cm3, a Young's modulus of more than about 150 GPa, a film stress of less than about 500 MPa, the amorphous carbon layer having a plurality of openings formed therethrough, each of the each of the plurality of openings have a height to width ratio of more than about 10:1, the substrate comprises one or more material layers, the amorphous carbon layer has a thickness between about 10 kÅ and about 30 KÅ, and the amorphous carbon layer having a greater sp3 carbon fraction than a sp2 carbon fraction.
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