| CPC C09K 8/536 (2013.01) [C09K 8/032 (2013.01); C09K 8/035 (2013.01); C09K 8/584 (2013.01); E21B 43/16 (2013.01); C09K 2208/10 (2013.01)] | 17 Claims |

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1. An aqueous solution comprising a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed throughout the aqueous solution, the nanoparticles comprising:
a hydrocarbon formation and/or well treatment additive chemically bound to the nanoparticles and releasable from the nanoparticles, silica, and at least one metal selected from a Column 2 metal, a Column 14 metal, a transition metal, or any combination thereof,
wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of less than 300 nm,
wherein the aqueous solution does not include a surfactant, and
wherein the nanoparticles do not precipitate out of the aqueous solution when subjected to a temperature of −20° C. to 200° C. and a pH of 5 to 9.
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