US 12,479,727 B2
Laser-induced carbon nanostructures
Marco Caffio, Stirling (GB); Oliver Semple, Stirling (GB); and Darren Cairns, Stirling (GB)
Assigned to INTEGRATED GRAPHENE HOLDING LIMITED, Stirling (GB)
Filed by INTEGRATED GRAPHENE HOLDING LIMITED, Stirling (GB)
Filed on Dec. 3, 2024, as Appl. No. 18/967,182.
Application 18/967,182 is a continuation of application No. 18/751,866, filed on Jun. 24, 2024.
Application 18/751,866 is a continuation of application No. PCT/GB2022/053345, filed on Dec. 21, 2022.
Claims priority of application No. 2118948 (GB), filed on Dec. 23, 2021; application No. 2202353 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202356 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202357 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202360 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202362 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202364 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202366 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202369 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202372 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202375 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202376 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202380 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202382 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202384 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202387 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; application No. 2202388 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022; and application No. 2202389 (GB), filed on Feb. 22, 2022.
Prior Publication US 2025/0091876 A1, Mar. 20, 2025
Int. Cl. C01B 32/05 (2017.01); B23K 26/361 (2014.01); C01B 32/18 (2017.01); G01N 27/30 (2006.01); G01N 27/327 (2006.01)
CPC C01B 32/05 (2017.08) [B23K 26/361 (2015.10); C01B 32/18 (2017.08); G01N 27/308 (2013.01); G01N 27/3276 (2013.01); G01N 27/3278 (2013.01); C01P 2002/82 (2013.01); C01P 2004/03 (2013.01); C01P 2006/40 (2013.01)] 23 Claims
 
1. A method of producing a heating structure, comprising the steps of:
(a) using a first laser beam configured to irradiate an encapsulated, sub-surface region of a carbon pre-cursor material below a surface of the carbon pre-cursor material, parameters of the first laser beam being selected to create carbon foam in that encapsulated, sub-surface region and a carbon-based material above the carbon foam; and
(b) using a second laser beam configured to remove or ablate the carbon-based material sitting above the carbon foam, parameters of the second laser beam being selected to expose or alter at least some of the carbon foam, to produce a resultant carbon foam material; and
(c) configuring the resultant carbon foam material for use as an electrically conductive heating structure.