| CPC H03K 19/18 (2013.01) [H10B 61/00 (2023.02); H10N 50/80 (2023.02); H10N 50/85 (2023.02)] | 25 Claims |

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1. An apparatus comprising:
a first conductive trace;
a ferromagnet;
a magnetoelectric layer positioned between the first conductive trace and the ferromagnet;
a second conductive trace positioned adjacent to the ferromagnet;
a third conductive trace; and
a multi-layer structure positioned between the ferromagnet and the third conductive trace, the multi-layer structure comprising a plurality of layers;
wherein one or more of the first conductive trace, the second conductive trace, the third conductive trace, the ferromagnet, the magnetoelectric layer, and individual of the plurality of layers of the multi-layer structure comprise a perovskite material.
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