| CPC H01M 10/633 (2015.04) [G01R 31/367 (2019.01); H01M 10/613 (2015.04); H01M 10/6566 (2015.04); H01M 10/658 (2015.04)] | 17 Claims |

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1. A temperature controller disposed within an interior chamber of an insulated housing and communicatively coupled to (i) a cooling system disposed outside of the insulated housing and (ii) a power controller that is electrically coupled to a battery and disposed outside of the insulated housing, the temperature controller configured to manage a temperature of the battery disposed in the interior chamber of the insulated housing of an energy storage system, said temperature controller comprising at least one processor in communication with at least one memory device, said at least one processor configured to:
determine a reference current level at the battery based on a present current level determined by said power controller;
compute, based on the reference current level, a target temperature for the interior chamber of the insulated housing; and
instruct the cooling system to maintain the temperature in the interior chamber of the insulated housing at the target temperature by providing one of a heated fluid or a cooled fluid via a duct in flow communication with the cooling system and extending through the insulated housing,
wherein the duct is in flow communication with the interior chamber of the insulated housing.
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