| CPC H01L 23/147 (2013.01) [H01L 23/13 (2013.01); H10D 84/05 (2025.01)] | 4 Claims |

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1. A semiconductor chip comprising:
a chip-constituting substrate having one surface, the other surface opposite to the one surface, and two pairs of opposing side surfaces connecting the one surface and the other surface, the chip-constituting substrate containing a hexagonal gallium nitride,
wherein
the one surface and the other surface are along one of a {0001} c-plane, a {1-100} m-plane, and a {11-20} a-plane,
one of the two pairs of opposing side surfaces is along another one of the {0001} c-plane, the {1-100} m-plane, and the {11-20} a-plane,
the other of the two pairs of opposing side surfaces is along the other of the {0001} c-plane, the {1-100} m-plane, and the {11-20} a-plane,
the side surface includes an altered layer containing gallium oxide and gallium metal in a surface layer portion in a depth direction which is a normal direction to the side surface, and
the altered layer is formed in a range of 20 nm or less from the side surface in the depth direction.
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