US 12,144,191 B2
Internal-ion gated electrochemical transistors
Dion Khodagholy, New York, NY (US); and Georgios Spyropoulos, New York, NY (US)
Assigned to The Trustees of Columbia University in the City New York, New York, NY (US)
Filed by The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY (US)
Filed on Jun. 21, 2021, as Appl. No. 17/352,622.
Application 17/352,622 is a continuation of application No. PCT/US2019/068363, filed on Dec. 23, 2019.
Claims priority of provisional application 62/952,692, filed on Dec. 23, 2019.
Claims priority of provisional application 62/784,315, filed on Dec. 21, 2018.
Prior Publication US 2021/0313529 A1, Oct. 7, 2021
Int. Cl. H10K 10/46 (2023.01); G01N 27/414 (2006.01); H10K 77/10 (2023.01)
CPC H10K 10/46 (2023.02) [G01N 27/414 (2013.01); H10K 77/111 (2023.02)] 10 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. An internal-ion gated electrochemical transistor, comprising:
a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode;
a channel formed between the source electrode and the drain electrode, wherein the channel comprises a material that includes a conducting polymer and a biocompatible solution, wherein the channel serves as a reservoir of positively charged mobile ions; and
an ion membrane between the channel and the gate electrode, wherein:
in an off state of the internal-ion gated electrochemical transistor, at least a subset of the positively charged mobile ions are ionically bonded to negatively charged ions of the conducting polymer, and wherein in an on state of the internal-ion gated electrochemical transistor, at least a subset of the positively charged mobile ions are unbonded from the negatively charged ions of the conducting polymer to induce a current within the channel, and wherein at least one of the off state and the on state of the internal-ion gated electrochemical transistor is actuated by application of a voltage to the gate electrode.