| CPC H01Q 21/22 (2013.01) [G02F 1/1333 (2013.01); H01Q 1/38 (2013.01); H01Q 21/065 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A phased-array antenna comprising:
a first substrate; and
a plurality of phased-array elements arranged on the first substrate, wherein at least one of the plurality of phased-array elements comprises:
a first electrode;
a second electrode arranged opposite to the first electrode;
a voltage-controlled phase shift material located between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode is configured to receive a bias signal for controlling the voltage-controlled phase shift material, and wherein the second electrode serves as a ground electrode; and
a microstrip line located at a side of the first electrode far away from the voltage-controlled phase shift material and electrically insulated from the first electrode, wherein the microstrip line is configured to receive or transmit a transmission signal.
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