| CPC G01N 21/658 (2013.01) [G01J 3/44 (2013.01); G01N 2021/656 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method of making a membrane or textile comprising a mechanically robust surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate, the method comprising:
a. adhesively bonding an etchable polymer-micropatch array to a substrate, the micropatch array comprising a plurality of shaped etchable polymer micron-scale pillars formed concurrently with the bonding, each of the micron-scale pillars in the plurality of micron-scale pillars comprising a plurality of plasmonic nanoparticles dispersed within the etchable polymer; and
b. etching a portion of the polymer matrix to expose at least a portion of the plasmonic nanoparticles at or near a surface of the micron-scale pillars.
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