| CPC H04N 19/11 (2014.11) [H04N 19/119 (2014.11); H04N 19/176 (2014.11); H04N 19/42 (2014.11); H04N 19/593 (2014.11); H04N 19/70 (2014.11); H04N 19/91 (2014.11)] | 16 Claims |

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1. A video decoding apparatus comprising:
an entropy decoder configured to decode an intra prediction mode and residual values of a current block from a bitstream, decode a refinement flag, or determine the refinement flag, wherein the refinement flag indicates whether to apply a deep learning-based refinement model at a time of intra prediction of the current block;
an intra predictor configured to generate a prediction block of the current block using the intra prediction mode;
a signal refinement unit configured to generate a refined prediction block from the prediction block using the refinement model when the refinement flag is 1; and
an adder configured to generate a restored block of the current block by adding the residual values to the refined prediction block when the refinement flag is 1 or generate the restored block by adding the residual values to the prediction block when the refinement flag is 0,
wherein the refinement model is implemented using a deep learning model including a fixed coefficient-based network and is pre-trained to generate a refined prediction block approximating an original image of the current block.
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