| CPC H02J 1/06 (2013.01) [A61M 60/178 (2021.01); A61M 60/232 (2021.01); A61M 60/237 (2021.01); A61M 60/422 (2021.01); A61M 60/508 (2021.01); A61M 60/82 (2021.01); A61M 60/822 (2021.01); A61M 60/863 (2021.01); A61M 60/873 (2021.01); A61M 60/876 (2021.01); H02J 7/00 (2013.01); H02J 7/0013 (2013.01); H02J 7/0019 (2013.01); H02J 7/0042 (2013.01); H02J 7/0071 (2020.01); H02J 50/12 (2016.02); A61M 60/419 (2021.01); A61M 2205/3317 (2013.01); A61M 2205/8206 (2013.01); A61M 2205/8243 (2013.01); H02J 2207/20 (2020.01); H02M 3/158 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A controller configured to electrically power an implantable blood pump, the controller comprising:
a first energy storage component;
a second energy storage component, wherein the first and second energy storage components are arranged in series;
an output bus directly electrically coupled to the second energy storage component such that a voltage of the output bus matches a voltage of the second energy storage component; and
a voltage converter electrically coupled to the first energy storage component and the output bus.
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