| CPC G02B 5/008 (2013.01) [B82Y 20/00 (2013.01); G02F 1/0018 (2013.01); G02F 1/19 (2013.01); G06N 10/40 (2022.01); G02F 2202/30 (2013.01); G02F 2202/36 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A nanophotonic device, comprising
a first substrate that is optically transparent and electrically conductive;
a second substrate, residing on the first substrate, that is optically transparent and electrically insulative;
a first borophene nanoribbon array electrically coupled to a first electrode, both residing on the second substrate;
a third substrate, residing on the second substrate, that is optically transparent and electrically insulative; and
a second borophene nanoribbon array electrically coupled to a second electrode, both residing on the third substrate.
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