| CPC G01V 1/005 (2013.01) [G01V 1/247 (2013.01); G01V 1/366 (2013.01)] | 18 Claims |
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1. A method of extrapolating seismic land streamer data, comprising:
deploying a land streamer layout configured as a plurality of surface geophones connected in a linear arrangement along a ground surface, wherein the surface geophones are connected by cables;
simultaneously recording multiple seismic signals from the plurality of surface geophones at various spatial locations to obtain a plurality of recorded traces;
extrapolating, by processing circuitry, the recorded traces using interferometric extrapolation, by
a first step of cross-correlation of the recorded traces to generate virtual traces and stacking together the virtual traces that share a same ray path to enhance signal-to-noise ratio of the virtual traces,
a second step of convolving the virtual traces with the recorded traces to generate super-virtual traces having longer ray paths than the recorded traces, and stacking all super-virtual traces that share a same source and receiver points to further enhance signal-to-noise ratio of final super-virtual traces;
appending, by processing circuitry, the recorded traces with the enhanced final super-virtual traces to obtain a full set of calculated traces;
moving the land streamer layout to another location on the ground surface and repeating steps to obtain another full set of calculated traces;
identifying subsurface geology for layers of rock at the various spatial locations based on the calculated traces; and
for extrapolated traces having a signal-to noise ratio (SNR) below a SNR threshold, performing Iterative Spectral Varying Interferometry (ISVI) after the extrapolation to enhance the SNR of the virtual traces, wherein the ISVI is such that the super-virtual traces are iteratively convolved with a previous iteration of super-virtual traces to generate super-virtual traces with higher SNR.
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