| CPC C08L 65/00 (2013.01) [C08G 61/124 (2013.01); H10K 71/12 (2023.02); H10K 85/111 (2023.02); H10K 85/151 (2023.02); B82Y 20/00 (2013.01); C08G 2261/12 (2013.01); C08G 2261/1434 (2013.01); C08G 2261/148 (2013.01); C08G 2261/149 (2013.01); C08G 2261/3241 (2013.01); C08G 2261/512 (2013.01); C08G 2261/5222 (2013.01); H10K 50/11 (2023.02); H10K 50/115 (2023.02); H10K 50/15 (2023.02); H10K 71/00 (2023.02); H10K 71/40 (2023.02); H10K 2101/30 (2023.02); H10K 2101/40 (2023.02); H10K 2102/00 (2023.02)] | 18 Claims |

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1. A copolymer comprising a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1:
![]() wherein, in Chemical Formula 1,
X is a single bond, -L1a-, or -L1b-L1c-, wherein Lia, Lib, and Lie are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms,
L2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 25 ring-member atoms,
Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 25 ring-member atoms, and
Y is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 60 ring-member atoms,
wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are different groups; and
at least one of Ar1 and Ar2 is a group represented by Chemical Formula 2C or Chemical Formula 2D:
![]() wherein, in Chemical Formula 2C and Chemical Formula 2D,
Z1 is CRaRb, NRc, Se, or Te,
wherein Rc is hydrogen, a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 25 ring-member atoms, and
Ra and Rb are joined to provide a spiro structure,
R1, R2, and R3 are each independently hydrogen, a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 25 ring-member atoms,
a and b are each independently an integer of 1 to 4, and
a link without * indicates a bond to the nitrogen of the arylamine side chain of Chemical Formula 1.
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