| CPC B01L 3/527 (2013.01) [B01L 3/502738 (2013.01); B01L 7/525 (2013.01); G01N 35/00029 (2013.01); G01N 35/1002 (2013.01); B01L 7/52 (2013.01); B01L 2200/025 (2013.01); B01L 2200/028 (2013.01); B01L 2200/04 (2013.01); B01L 2200/14 (2013.01); B01L 2200/146 (2013.01); B01L 2300/021 (2013.01); B01L 2300/0809 (2013.01); B01L 2300/0816 (2013.01); B01L 2300/0874 (2013.01); B01L 2300/0887 (2013.01); B01L 2300/123 (2013.01); B01L 2300/1822 (2013.01); B01L 2400/0478 (2013.01); B01L 2400/0481 (2013.01); B01L 2400/0487 (2013.01); B01L 2400/0666 (2013.01); B01L 2400/0683 (2013.01); G01N 2035/1044 (2013.01)] | 17 Claims |

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1. A cartridge reader comprising:
an upper clamp comprising a pneumatics module with a plurality of pneumatic interface ports, a mechanical actuator, and an electrical module comprising a plurality of electrodes;
a lower clamp comprising a thermal module operable to control temperature of a sample processing region of a cartridge inserted in a cartridge receiving region between the upper clamp and the lower clamp without limiting operation of the pneumatics module, the electrical module, or the mechanical actuator; and
a moveable tray in the cartridge receiving region, the moveable tray configured to receive the cartridge.
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