| CPC H01M 4/244 (2013.01) [H01M 4/625 (2013.01); H01M 10/36 (2013.01); H01M 2300/0005 (2013.01)] | 16 Claims |

|
1. A redox flow battery comprising:
a housing;
a first electrode disposed in the housing, wherein the first electrode comprises one of carbon cloth, carbon paper, or carbon felt and is configured to allow a reversible manganese-based reaction;
a second electrode disposed in the housing and facing the first electrode, the first electrode is spaced from the second electrode by a gap without an intervening ion selective membrane; and
a fluid conveyance mechanism connected to the housing and configured to convey an electrolyte across the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the electrolyte is conveyed during both a charge and a discharge operation of the redox flow battery to support the reversible manganese-based reaction at the first electrode.
|