| CPC G02B 6/4227 (2013.01) | 56 Claims |

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1. A method comprising:
providing a photonic integrated circuit including a plurality of vertical-coupling elements disposed along a main surface of the photonic integrated circuit;
attaching an optical subassembly to the photonic integrated circuit;
removably connecting a fiber connector to a ferrule frame, wherein the fiber connector is attached to an array of optical fibers;
aligning the ferrule frame to the optical subassembly using an active alignment process; and
securely connecting the ferrule frame directly to the optical subassembly after the alignment process;
wherein the optical subassembly comprises a first lens array, a second lens array, and a beam displacer, and the active alignment process comprises projecting light from the array of optical fibers through the first lens array, the beam displacer, and the second lens array to the plurality of vertical-coupling elements, including passing light from at least one of the optical fibers through a corresponding lens to a corresponding vertical-coupling element.
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