| CPC G01S 17/95 (2013.01) [G01S 7/4815 (2013.01); G02B 27/141 (2013.01); G02B 27/283 (2013.01)] | 16 Claims |
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1. A micro-pulse LiDAR, comprising:
a first transmitter, a second transmitter, and a third transmitter configured to emit lasers of different wavelengths, respectively;
an optical path transmission module, arranged on optical transmission paths of the lasers of the different wavelengths, configured to combine the lasers of the different wavelengths into one laser beam and guide the beam into an atmosphere, and further configured to receive a backscattered echo light beam scattered by the atmosphere, convert the backscattered echo light beam into a parallel echo light beam, and separate the parallel echo light beam into a water vapor echo light, a pressure echo light and a temperature echo light to emit respectively;
a water vapor channel detection module, a pressure channel detection module, and a temperature channel detection module that are arranged on transmission light paths of the water vapor echo light, the pressure echo light, and the temperature echo light, respectively; wherein the water vapor channel detection module is configured to receive and detect a number of first photons in the water vapor echo light; the pressure channel detection module is configured to receive and detect a number of second photons in the pressure echo light; and the temperature channel detection module is configured to receive and detect a number of third photons and a number of fourth photons in the temperature echo light; and
a data processing control module, connected to the first transmitter, the second transmitter, the third transmitter, the water vapor channel detection module, the pressure channel detection module, and the temperature channel detection module, configured to acquire data of the water vapor channel detection module, the pressure channel detection module, and the temperature channel detection module, and unify the data for inversion calculations, and configured to control injection currents and operating temperatures of the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the third transmitter, and chop output continuous-wave lasers with different wavelengths from laser seed sources in the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the third transmitter into pulsed lasers as the lasers of different wavelengths emitted, to coordinate timing of the micro-pulse LIDAR; wherein the data processing control module comprises:
a multi-channel data accumulator, where, an input terminal of the multi-channel data accumulator is connected to the water vapor channel detection module, the pressure channel detection module, and the temperature channel detection module, respectively, and an output terminal of the multi-channel data accumulator is connected to a processing device, the multi-channel data accumulator is configured to transmit the number of the first photons, the number of the second photons, the number of the third photons, and the number of the fourth photons to the processing device for unified inversion calculations;
wherein the processing device is further connected to a pulse generator, which is connected to the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the third transmitter, respectively, and provides the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the third transmitter with chopped pulses; and
the processing device comprises at least one processor connected to the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the third transmitter, and configured to form a servo unit to adjust the injection currents and the operating temperatures of the first transmitter, the second transmitter, and the third transmitter, the processing device is also configured to coordinate timing of the pulse generator and the data accumulator;
wherein the optical path transmission module further comprises:
a total reflection mirror, arranged in a transmission direction of light output by the first transmitter, and configured to deflect the laser of the first transmitter by 90°;
a polarization beam combiner, arranged at an intersection of a transmission direction of light output by the second transmitter and a transmission direction of light output by the total reflection mirror, and configured to perform cross-polarization combination on the laser of the first transmitter and the laser of the second transmitter;
a first dichroic plate, arranged at an intersection of an optical path of the third transmitter and an optical path of the polarization beam combiner, and configured to combine the laser of the first transmitter, the laser of the second transmitter, and the laser of the third transmitter; and
a beam expander, a shaft cone, a first lens, a telescope and an input/output light window arranged in sequence on an optical transmission path of the combined laser beam;
wherein after the combined laser beam is collimated, converted into an angular light spot, converged, and parallelized in sequence, a parallel laser beam containing lasers with 765 nm, 770 nm and 825.5 nm wavelengths enters the atmosphere, and is scattered by the atmosphere to produce a backscattered echo light beam, and then the backscattered echo light beam returns to the first lens through the input/output light window for parallel processing, and further processed by a hollow reflection mirror, a second dichroic plate and a small-angle interference filter in sequence;
wherein the second dichroic plate separates out an 825.5 nm water vapor echo light from the parallel echo light beam and transmits the 825.5 nm water vapor echo light to the water vapor channel detection module; and
the small-angle interference filter separates out a 765 nm pressure echo light from the parallel echo light beam and transmits the 765 nm pressure echo light to the pressure channel detection module, and transmits a 770 nm temperature echo light to the temperature channel detection module.
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