| CPC H10F 77/413 (2025.01) [H10F 30/223 (2025.01); H10F 71/1212 (2025.01); H10F 77/122 (2025.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A photodetector structure, comprising:
a first semiconductor layer over a first portion of a doped well in a substrate;
an air gap within a trench isolation structure and vertically between the first semiconductor layer and the first portion of the doped well; and
an insulative collar laterally surrounding the air gap, the insulative collar on the first portion of the doped well between the air gap and a second portion of the doped well.
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