| CPC H10D 62/115 (2025.01) [H01L 23/481 (2013.01)] | 18 Claims |

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1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first region having a first gate structure disposed on a substrate;
a second region having a second gate structure disposed on the substrate;
a hard mask disposed on the substrate, the first gate structure, and the second gate structure;
a deep trench isolation disposed in the substrate between the first region and the second region, and formed from the hard mask; and
a planarized gap-fill insulating layer disposed on the second gate structure, and disposed inside the deep trench isolation,
wherein a topmost surface of the planarized gap-fill insulating layer and a topmost surface of the hard mask are coplanar.
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