| CPC H04N 19/105 (2014.11) [H04N 19/174 (2014.11); H04N 19/188 (2014.11)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method of decoding a video or picture bitstream by a decoding device, comprising:
determining that a current video coding layer is the only one layer in the bitstream when video parameter set (VPS) is not present in the bitstream; and
when determining that the current video coding layer is the only one layer in the bitstream, using a layer identifier of a network abstraction layer (NAL) unit of the current video coding layer as an identifier of the current video coding layer, and the identifier of the current video coding layer is presented by vps_layer_id.
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