| CPC H01M 10/0562 (2013.01) [H01M 4/131 (2013.01); H01M 4/136 (2013.01); H01M 4/58 (2013.01); H01M 10/058 (2013.01); H01M 2004/027 (2013.01); H01M 2004/028 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A buffered negative electrode-electrolyte assembly comprising:
a porous negative electrode;
a solid-state electrolyte; and
a buffer layer between the porous negative electrode and the solid-state electrolyte,
wherein the buffer composition has an electronic conductivity that is less than or equal to 1×10−2 times an electronic conductivity of the solid-state electrolyte, and
the buffer composition has an ionic conductivity less than or equal to 1×10−6 times an ionic conductivity of the solid-state electrolyte.
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