	US 12,111,612 B2
	Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus
Kunihiko Sekido, Shizuoka (JP); and Masashi Nishi, Kanagawa (JP)
Assigned to CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA, Tokyo (JP)
Filed by CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA, Tokyo (JP)
Filed on Jun. 27, 2023, as Appl. No. 18/342,214.
Application 18/342,214 is a division of application No. 17/223,795, filed on Apr. 6, 2021, granted, now 11,726,414.
Claims priority of application No. 2020-071958 (JP), filed on Apr. 13, 2020.
Prior Publication US 2023/0350314 A1, Nov. 2, 2023
Int. Cl. G03G 5/043 (2006.01); G03G 5/10 (2006.01); G03G 8/00 (2006.01)

CPC G03G 5/0436 (2013.01) [G03G 5/102 (2013.01); G03G 8/00 (2013.01)]

13 Claims

1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member, comprising:

a support, a conductive layer, a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order;

the protective layer comprising a binding resin and a metal oxide particle;

the metal oxide particle comprising a core bearing a coating layer;

the core comprising titanium oxide and niobium; and

the coating layer comprising titanium oxide, wherein

the content of the metal oxide particle is at least 33% by volume based on a total volume of the protective layer,

the content of niobium in the metal oxide particles is 5.0 to 5.2% by mass based on the total mass of the coating layer, and

A≤1.0 and 20×B<C when A (%) is an oxygen deficiency rate of the metal oxide particle, B (%) is an oxygen deficiency rate of the core and C (%) is an oxygen deficiency rate of the coating layer.