| CPC B01D 11/0265 (2013.01) [A01G 18/70 (2018.02); A23L 31/00 (2016.08); C08B 37/00 (2013.01)] | 16 Claims |
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1. An ultrasonic composite acidic water extraction method for a Cordyceps polysaccharide and cordycepin in Cordyceps militaris, comprising the following specific steps:
(1) culturing and harvesting: culturing Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies in a solid medium, harvesting after 40-45 days of the culturing, and storing the harvested Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies under refrigeration at 4° C.;
(2) washing and drying: drying the harvested Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies for 5 hours in a hot-air drying oven at 60-65° C. during which the Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies are arranged evenly and kept ventilated; and collecting and storing same in a cool and dry place after drying to a constant weight;
(3) pulverizing: crushing a dry sample of Cordyceps militaris, and passing through a 60-mesh sieve;
(4) degreasing: placing the pulverized sample in a reflux device, performing reflux extraction with 95% ethanol at a material-liquid ratio of 1:5 (w:v) in a boiling water bath for 3 hours, centrifugation, collecting the precipitate, and drying at 60-65° C. to a constant weight, to obtain a degreased cordyceps powder;
(5) ultra-low temperature freezing-microwave defrosting cycle: adding distilled water into the degreased cordyceps powder at a material-liquid ratio of 1:40 (w:v), to obtain an extract; stirring and titrating the extract with 1 mol/L of a diluted acid solution to obtain a pH of 4.8±0.2; freezing the extract for 2 hours at −80° C.; taking out the extract, and defrosting for 2-3 min using microwaves with a power of 300-400 W; and repeating the freezing and the defrosting operations three times, to obtain a crude extraction mixture of Cordyceps militaris;
(6) ultrasonic-assisted extraction: after obtaining the crude extraction mixture of Cordyceps militaris, extracting for 35-40 min at 65-70° C. with the assistance of ultrasonic waves having a frequency of 20-30 KHZ and a power of 300-400 W; and after the ultrasonic-assisted extraction is complete, centrifuging for 15 min at 4,000 r/min, and filtering the supernatant to obtain a crude water extract of the Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies;
(7) evaporation and concentration: concentrating, by rotary evaporation at 60-65° C. and at 0.095 MPa, the crude water extract of the Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies to 1% of the original volume, until it finally becomes a viscous and thick slurry; collecting the concentrated crude water extract of the Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies, and freezing for 24 hours at −70° C.; and
(8) freeze-drying to prepare powder: performing freeze-drying on the frozen concentrated crude water extract of the Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies for 3 hours in a cold trap at −55° C., to obtain a dry powder of the crude water extract of the Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies.
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