CPC H01G 11/06 (2013.01) [H01G 11/24 (2013.01); H01G 11/34 (2013.01); H01G 11/46 (2013.01); H01G 11/72 (2013.01); H01G 11/86 (2013.01); H01M 4/06 (2013.01); H01M 4/13 (2013.01); H01M 4/62 (2013.01); H01M 10/0525 (2013.01); H01M 2004/021 (2013.01); H01M 2004/028 (2013.01); H01M 2220/20 (2013.01)] | 12 Claims |
1. A capacitor-assisted electrode for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions comprising:
at least three electroactive material layers disposed on one or more surfaces of a current collector,
wherein a first electroactive material layer of the at least three electroactive material layers has a first reversible specific capacity and is disposed adjacent to the one or more surfaces of the current collector, the first electroactive material layer defines a first exposed surface and comprises a first amount of a first electroactive material;
wherein a second electroactive material layer of the at least three electroactive material layers has a second reversible specific capacity and is disposed adjacent to the first exposed surface of the first electroactive material layer, the second electroactive material layer defines a second exposed surface, the second electroactive material layer comprising a second amount of the first electroactive material, a first amount of a second electroactive material, and a first amount of a third electroactive material, a first combined amount of the second electroactive material and the third electroactive material being greater than the second amount of the first electroactive material, the first amount of the second electroactive material being larger than the first amount of the third electroactive material;
wherein a third electroactive material layer of the at least three electroactive material layers has a third reversible specific capacity and is disposed adjacent to the second exposed surface of the second electroactive material layer, the third electroactive material layer comprising a third amount of the first electroactive material, a second amount of the second electroactive material, and a second amount of the third electroactive material, a second combined amount of the second electroactive material and the third electroactive material being greater than the third amount of the first electroactive material, the second amount of the third electroactive material being larger than the second amount of the second electroactive material;
wherein the third reversible specific capacity is different from the second reversible specific capacity, the second reversible specific capacity is different from the first reversible specific capacity, and the first reversible specific capacity is different from the third reversible specific capacity; and
wherein at least one of the following is true: (i) the third reversible specific capacity is greater than the second reversible specific capacity and the second reversible specific capacity is greater than the first reversible specific capacity and (ii) the second reversible specific capacity is greater than the third reversible specific capacity and the first reversible specific capacity is greater than the second reversible specific capacity; and
one or more capacitor materials disposed on or intermingled with one or more of the at least three electroactive materials.
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