| CPC H01Q 1/38 (2013.01) | 20 Claims |

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1. An antenna element, comprising:
an insulative substrate including a first main surface and a second main surface arranged in an up-down direction; and
an antenna conductor layer on the first main surface of the insulative substrate; wherein
one or more first openings including, when seen in the up-down direction, respective annular outer boundaries are provided in the antenna conductor layer;
one or more first insulative substrate non-forming regions are positioned between the insulative substrate and the antenna conductor layer in the up-down direction;
the insulative substrate does not exist in the one or more first insulative substrate non-forming regions;
the outer boundaries of the one or more first openings respectively overlap, when seen in the up-down direction, the one or more first insulative substrate non-forming regions and are not in contact with the insulative substrate; and
the antenna element includes a structure in which the one or more first insulative substrate non-forming regions are first voids, or a structure in which a low dielectric constant material having a lower dielectric constant than a dielectric constant of a material of the insulative substrate or a high dielectric constant material having a higher dielectric constant than the dielectric constant of the material of the insulative substrate is provided in the one or more first insulative substrate non-forming regions.
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