| CPC H01M 8/0693 (2013.01) [C25B 1/04 (2013.01); H01M 8/04291 (2013.01); H01M 8/1039 (2013.01); H01M 16/003 (2013.01)] | 53 Claims |

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1. A method of storing electrical energy as chemical energy, the method comprising:
supplying an input slurry comprising uncharged storage particles and electrolyte to a first half-cell of an electrochemical cell;
supplying a source of H+ or H3O+ ions to a second half-cell of the electrochemical cell;
applying a voltage to the electrochemical cell to:
allow H+ or H3O+ ions to pass from the second half cell to the first half-cell; and
convert the uncharged storage particles to charged storage particles; and
removing an output slurry comprising charged storage particles and electrolyte from the first half-cell.
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