| CPC G06F 21/6245 (2013.01) [G06F 18/2148 (2023.01); G06F 40/247 (2020.01)] | 10 Claims |

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1. A federated learning method using synonym, comprising:
sending a general model to each of a plurality of client devices by a moderator;
performing a training procedure by each of the plurality of client devices, wherein the training procedure comprises:
removing a private portion from original private data to obtain processed private data, and encoding processed private data into a digest by an encoder;
training a client model according to the processed private data, the digest and the general model; and
sending the digest and a client parameter of the client model to the moderator, wherein the client parameter is associated with a weight of the client model;
determining an absent client device among the plurality of client devices by the moderator;
generating a synonym of the digest corresponding to the absent client device by a synonym generator;
training a replacement model according to the synonym and the digest corresponding to the absent client device by the moderator; and
performing an aggregation to generate an updated parameter to update the general model by the moderator according to a replacement parameter of the replacement model and the client parameter of each of the plurality of client devices except the absent client device.
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