providing the electric-hydrogen energy system;

establishing an electric load flexibility equation, a power purchase and sale constraint equation and a renewable energy output constraint equation based on the operating parameters of an electric power system;

establishing a hydrogen load flexibility equation and an electricity-to-hydrogen production safety operation constraint equation based on the operating parameters of an electricity-to-hydrogen production system;

establishing an electric power balance constraint equation using the electric power balance relationship between the electric power system and the electricity-to-hydrogen production system;

establishing an electric-hydrogen energy system dispatching model with the lowest operating cost of the electric-hydrogen energy system within the dispatching cycle as an objective function and using the electric load flexibility equation, the power purchase and sale constraint equation, the renewable energy output constraint equation, the hydrogen load flexibility equation, the electric-to-hydrogen production safety operation constraint equation and the electric power balance constraint equation as constraints;

solving the electric-hydrogen energy system dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching result, wherein the optimal dispatching result is used to dispatch the electric-hydrogen energy system; and

considering a flexibility of electric and hydrogen loads, providing flexibility to an operation of the electric-hydrogen energy system and improving an efficiency of the electric-hydrogen energy system,

wherein the expression of the objective function is:

where t represents the dispatching time period, T represents the dispatching cycle, c_t^grid+ represents the unit cost of power purchased by the electric power system from the grid during the time period t, t P_t^grid+ represents the power that the electric power system purchases from the grid during the time period t, c_t^grid− represents the unit cost of power sold by the electric power system to the grid during the time period t, P_t^grid− represents the power sold by the electric power system to the grid during the time period t, c^shift represents the unit penalty cost to be paid to the user for the transfer of the electric load of the electric power system, and P_t^e,in represents the electric load transferred in from other time periods by the electric power system during the time period t;

wherein the expression of the electric load flexibility function is:

where P_t^e represents the total electric load of the electric power system during the time period t, P_t^e,fix represents the fixed electric load of the electric power system during the time period t, P_t^e,out represents the electric load transferred from the electric power system to other time periods during the time period t, P_t^e,in,max represents the maximum value of the electric load that the electric power system can transfer in from other time periods in the time period t, and P_t^e,out,max represents the maximum value of the electric load that the electric power system can transfer out to other time periods in the time period t;

wherein the expression of the power purchase and sale constraint equation is:

where ε_t⁺ represents the variables of the electric power system when purchasing power from the grid during the time period t, ε_t⁻ε_t⁺ represents the variables of the electric power system when selling power to the grid during the time period t, and P_max^grid represents the maximum value of the electric power allowed to be exchanged between the electric power system and the grid;

wherein the expression of the renewable energy output constraint equation is:

where p_t^PV represents the photovoltaic output dispatch value of the electric power system during the time period t, p_t,fore^PV represents the photovoltaic output forecast value of PV the electric power system during the time period t, σ_t,fore represents the standard deviation of the photovoltaic output forecast value of the electric power system during the time period t, φ_a⁻¹(·) a represents the inverse cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution N(0,1) and η represents the confidence level of the photovoltaic forecast value;

wherein the expression of the hydrogen load flexibility equation is:

where T_h represents the length of the supply-demand balance cycle required by the T hydrogen load of the electricity-to-hydrogen production system, k represents the sequence of the supply-demand balance cycle of the hydrogen load of the electricity-to-hydrogen production system, P_t^h represents the hydrogen load of the users of the electricity-to-hydrogen production system during the time period t; and P_total,k^h represents the hydrogen demand required by the users of the electricity-to-hydrogen production system during the k^th supply-demand balance cycle;

wherein the expression of the electricity-to-hydrogen production safety operation constraint equation is:

where η^P2H represents the conversion efficiency of the electricity-to-hydrogen production equipment, P_t^P2H represents the electric power consumed by the electricity-to-hydrogen production equipment during the time period t, λ represents the minimum load level of the electricity-to-hydrogen production equipment, ε_t^P2H represents the operating state of the electricity-to-hydrogen production equipment during the time period t, and C^P2H represents the capacity of the electricity-to-hydrogen production equipment; and

wherein the expression of the electric power balance constraint equation is: