US 12,104,132 B2
Fuel additive compositions for gasoline direct injection engines
Garrett Parker, Mentor, OH (US); Stuart L. Bartley, Wickliffe, OH (US); Alexander Michlberger, San Antonio, TX (US); Anthony R. Frank, Painesville, OH (US); Michael D. Nicholls, Twinsburg, OH (US); Adam E. Franczak, Olmsted Falls, OH (US); David L. Spivey, Staffordshire (GB); Alexander Holmes, Belper (GB); George S. Szappanos, Mentor, OH (US); and Mark C. Davies, Pudong (CN)
Assigned to The Lubrizol Corporation, Wickliffe, OH (US)
Appl. No. 17/779,062
Filed by The Lubrizol Corporation, Wickliffe, OH (US)
PCT Filed Nov. 22, 2019, PCT No. PCT/US2019/050581
§ 371(c)(1), (2) Date May 23, 2022,
PCT Pub. No. WO2021/101496, PCT Pub. Date May 27, 2021.
Prior Publication US 2022/0411705 A1, Dec. 29, 2022
Int. Cl. C10L 1/22 (2006.01); C10L 1/222 (2006.01); C10L 10/00 (2006.01)
CPC C10L 1/2222 (2013.01) [C10L 10/00 (2013.01); C10L 2200/0423 (2013.01); C10L 2270/023 (2013.01)] 16 Claims
 
1. A method of reducing stochastic pre-ignition (“SPI”) events in a gasoline-fueled engine by adding at least 10 ppm by weight of a compound having at least one alkyl succinic acid group to a gasoline fuel, wherein said compound is the product of (a) and (b), wherein:
(a) is an amine with at least one tertiary nitrogen; and
(b) is a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid and/or anhydride; and
wherein said product has at least one of formula (II) or (III), or combinations thereof:

OG Complex Work Unit Chemistry
wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a C1 to C50 linear or branched hydrocarbyl group; R3 is C1 to C5 linear or branched hydrocarbyl group; R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen or a C1 to C22 linear or branched hydrocarbyl group, or are moieties which, when taken together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring; and p is 1 to 5;

OG Complex Work Unit Chemistry
wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a C1 to C50 linear or branched hydrocarbyl group; R3 is a C1 to C5 linear or branched hydrocarbylene group; R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen or a C1 to C22 linear or branched hydrocarbyl group, or are moieties which, when taken together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring; n is 0 to 5; wherein R7 is a C1 to C5 linear or branched hydrocarbylene group; R8 and R9 are independently hydrogen or a C1 to C22 linear or branched hydrocarbyl group, or are moieties which, when taken together form a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring, and m is 0 to 5, wherein at least one of m and n is not 0.