| CPC G01N 33/0006 (2013.01) [B01J 4/008 (2013.01); B01J 8/0457 (2013.01); G01N 30/06 (2013.01); G01N 30/24 (2013.01); G01N 30/68 (2013.01); G01N 30/70 (2013.01); G01N 30/88 (2013.01); B01J 2208/00964 (2013.01); B01J 2219/00247 (2013.01); C07C 31/202 (2013.01); C07D 317/38 (2013.01); G01N 2030/025 (2013.01); G01N 2030/8845 (2013.01); G01N 2030/8886 (2013.01)] | 2 Claims |
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1. A method for calibrating a detector in an analytical apparatus for quantitatively analyzing one or more components in a gaseous stream, comprising the steps of
(i) providing a standard gas, wherein said standard gas contains each of the components to be analyzed in a fixed concentration, and an inert diluent gas;
(ii) feeding the standard gas and the diluent gas to a gas blending system to obtain a diluted standard gas sample having a known concentration;
feeding the diluted standard gas sample obtained in step (ii) to the analytical apparatus and recording a detector output for said sample;
(iv) repeating steps (ii) and (iii) at least twice in succession to obtain a series of diluted standard gas samples having different concentrations and corresponding detector outputs;
(v) combining the corresponding detector outputs for the diluted standard gas samples to generate a calibration curve for the detector,
wherein said gas blending system comprises
(a) a first mass flow controller or a forward pressure controller for separately controlling the flow rate or pressure, respectively, of the standard gas supplied to each of two or more different flow restrictor devices arranged in parallel, wherein the two or more flow restrictor devices each have a restrictor inlet for receiving and each have a restrictor outlet for discharging the standard gas, wherein said restrictor outlet is fluidly connected to the forward pressure controller for measuring the pressure of the standard gas stream discharged from the flow restrictor device, and wherein dimensions of the two or more flow restrictor devices are selected such that each flow restrictor device produces a different controlled volumetric flow rate of the standard gas at the restrictor outlet, and
(b) a second mass flow controller for controlling the flow rate of a diluent gas supplied to a multi-port flow selector device, wherein said multi-port flow selector device comprises a selector inlet for receiving and at least two selector outlets for removing the diluent gas at a controlled volumetric flow rate,
(c) at least two or more mixing zones, each mixing zone located downstream of a respective flow restrictor device of the two or more flow restrictor devices and the multi-port flow selector device, wherein each mixing zone comprises a first mixing inlet for receiving standard gas from the restrictor outlet of the flow restrictor device fluidly connected to it, a second mixing inlet for receiving diluent gas from one of the at least two selector outlets of the multi-port flow selector device and a mixing outlet for discharging a diluted standard gas sample, and
wherein said series of diluted standard gas samples having different concentrations is obtained by
using the multi-port flow selector device to selectively direct flow of the diluent gas to each of the mixing zones, and by
successively adjusting the volumetric flow rate of the standard gas from the restrictor outlet of the flow restrictor device supplied to each mixing zone, and
optionally adjusting the volumetric flow rate of the diluent gas supplied to each of the mixing zones,
to produce a variety of mixing ratios of standard gas and diluent gas.
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