| CPC H03H 7/20 (2013.01) [H01P 1/18 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A phase shifter comprising:
a coupler including an input terminal, a thru terminal, a first coupled line connected between the input terminal and the thru terminal, an isolation terminal, a coupling terminal, and a second coupled line connected between the isolation terminal and the coupling terminal;
an input port connected to the input terminal of the coupler and configured to receive a radio frequency input signal; and
a first controllable reflective load including a transmission line connected to the thru terminal of the coupler, a first pair of shunt transistors connected between a first point of the transmission line and a ground voltage, a second pair of shunt transistors connected between a second point of the transmission line and the ground voltage, and a third pair of shunt transistors connected between a third point of the transmission line and the ground voltage, the second pair of shunt transistors directly between the first pair of shunt transistors and the third pair of shunt transistors with no other shunt transistors therebetween, a distance between the first point and the second point being greater than a distance between the second point and the third point.
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