| CPC A61L 31/14 (2013.01) [A61F 5/445 (2013.01); A61L 31/10 (2013.01); C08G 77/24 (2013.01); A61L 2400/10 (2013.01); A61L 2420/02 (2013.01); A61L 2420/08 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A substrate having a surface, the surface being an untreated surface, the substrate comprising:
a layer of polyphenol formed on the surface;
a silanization layer formed directly on the polyphenol layer, the silanization layer comprising an array of straight-chain polysiloxanes having ends anchored to the polyphenol layer and opposite ends extending away from the polyphenol layer; and
a lubricant disposed over the silanization layer.
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