a loading system for loading the material;

a control circuit system for controlling charging and discharging of the loading system; and

a signal acquisition system for acquiring material strain and time signals during loading;

wherein the loading system comprises a first transverse loading gun, a second transverse loading gun, a first longitudinal loading gun, a second longitudinal loading gun, and four loading bars;

wherein the first transverse loading gun comprises a first transverse tensile branch equivalent resistor RT-X1, a first transverse tensile discharge coil, a first transverse tensile secondary coil, a first transverse tensile stress wave amplifier, a first transverse compressive branch equivalent resistor RB-X1, a first transverse compressive discharge coil, a first transverse compressive secondary coil, a first transverse compressive stress wave amplifier, and a first transverse loading gun base;

wherein a through hole is disposed in a center of the first transverse loading gun base, the first transverse tensile discharge coil and the first transverse compressive discharge coil are symmetrically bolted on both ends of the first transverse loading gun base, the first transverse tensile secondary coil and the first transverse tensile stress wave amplifier are bolted to form a first transverse tensile loading head, the first transverse tensile loading head is coaxial with the first transverse tensile discharge coil, and surfaces of the first transverse tensile secondary coil and the first transverse tensile discharge coil are attached; and

the first transverse compressive secondary coil and the first transverse compressive stress wave amplifier are bolted to form a first transverse compressive loading head, the first transverse compressive loading head is coaxial with the first transverse compressive discharge coil, and surfaces of the first transverse compressive secondary coil and the first transverse compressive discharge coil are attached.