| CPC H10N 30/8542 (2023.02) [C01G 33/006 (2013.01); H10N 30/076 (2023.02); C01P 2002/34 (2013.01); C01P 2002/54 (2013.01); C01P 2006/40 (2013.01); C01P 2006/60 (2013.01)] | 8 Claims | 

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               1. A piezoelectric stack, comprising: 
            a substrate; 
                an electrode film; and 
                a piezoelectric film comprising an alkali niobium oxide of a perovskite structure represented by a composition formula of (K1-xNax)NbO3 (0<x<1), 
                wherein the piezoelectric film further comprises a metallic element selected from the group consisting of copper and manganese at a concentration within a range of 0.2 at % to 2.0 at %, and 
                an average light transmittance through the piezoelectric film in a wavelength region of 380 nm or more and 1400 nm or less is 65% or more. 
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