| CPC H01S 5/18377 (2013.01) [H01S 5/0206 (2013.01); H01S 5/0421 (2013.01); H01S 5/18308 (2013.01); H01S 5/34306 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) device, comprising:
a substrate;
a first mirror disposed over the substrate;
a bonding layer disposed over the first mirror;
a first n-type layer disposed directly over the bonding layer;
an active region disposed directly over the first n-type layer, wherein:
the substrate is a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate, and
the active region is an indium phosphide (InP)-based active region;
a p-type layer disposed directly over the active region;
a second n-type layer disposed over the active region;
a tunnel junction disposed between the second n-type layer and the active region,
wherein the tunnel junction overlaps a portion of the p-type layer and a portion of the second n-type layer;
a second mirror disposed over the second n-type layer;
a set of first contacts below the tunnel junction; and
a set of second contacts disposed on the second n-type layer and adjacent to the second mirror.
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