| CPC G11C 11/2275 (2013.01) [G11C 11/223 (2013.01); G11C 11/2273 (2013.01); H10B 51/30 (2023.02); G11C 11/2293 (2013.01)] | 24 Claims |

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1. An apparatus comprising:
a first field-effect transistor (FET) comprising:
a source region;
a drain region;
a source electrode on the source region;
a drain electrode on the drain region;
a channel region between the source and drain regions;
a dielectric layer on a surface over the channel region;
an electrode layer above the dielectric layer; and
a ferroelectric (FE) material layer between the dielectric layer and the electrode layer;
a second FET comprising a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a gate electrode, wherein the drain electrode of the second FET is connected to the drain electrode of the first FET; and
a D flip-flop circuit connected to the drain electrode of the first FET and the drain electrode of the second FET.
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