US 12,405,315 B1
Fuel cell aging prediction method, system thereof, medium and product
Haifeng Dai, Shanghai (CN); Hao Yuan, Shanghai (CN); Zhaoming Liu, Shanghai (CN); Wei Tang, Shanghai (CN); and Xuezhe Wei, Shanghai (CN)
Assigned to Tongji University, Shanghai (CN)
Filed by Tongji University, Shanghai (CN)
Filed on Oct. 3, 2024, as Appl. No. 18/905,876.
Claims priority of application No. 202410864621.8 (CN), filed on Jul. 1, 2024.
Int. Cl. G06F 11/30 (2006.01); G01R 31/36 (2020.01); G01R 31/367 (2019.01); G01R 31/3842 (2019.01); G01R 31/392 (2019.01); G01R 31/396 (2019.01)
CPC G01R 31/392 (2019.01) [G01R 31/3648 (2013.01); G01R 31/367 (2019.01); G01R 31/3842 (2019.01); G01R 31/396 (2019.01)] 9 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A fuel cell aging prediction method, comprising:
measuring, by a sensor measuring device, operation parameters and a stack voltage of calculation parameters of a fuel cell corresponding to each historical moment in a historical time period, wherein the operation parameters comprise a current, an anode pressure, a cathode pressure, a cooling liquid temperature at an inlet of a stack and an air flow rate; and the calculation parameters comprise the stack voltage, an active area and a hydrogen permeation current;
measuring, by an active area and hydrogen permeation current measuring device, the active area and the hydrogen permeation current of the stack corresponding to each historical moment in the historical time period;
for each historical moment in the historical time period, carrying out, by a processor, calculation based on the calculation parameters corresponding to the historical moment to obtain a mixed aging index corresponding to the historical moment;
inputting, by the processor, the operation parameters and the mixed aging index corresponding to each historical moment in the historical time period into a mixed aging index prediction model; and
predicting the mixed aging index corresponding to a prediction moment by the mixed aging index prediction model;
wherein:
a calculation expression of the mixed aging index is:

OG Complex Work Unit Math
where φ is the mixed aging index; a is a weight factor of the voltage; V is the stack voltage in unit of V; V0 is a standard value of the stack voltage in unit of V; b is a weight factor of the active area; SECA is the active area in unit of m2/g; SECA0 is a standard value of the active area in unit of m2/g; c is a weight factor of the hydrogen permeation current; Is0 is a standard value of the hydrogen permeation current in unit of mA/cm2; Is is the hydrogen permeation current in unit of mA/cm2;
the active area and hydrogen permeation current measuring device comprises a gas supply part, a charging part and a data acquisition and calculation unit; wherein:
the gas supply part is configured to supply nitrogen to a cathode pipeline of the stack, and comprises a nitrogen storage tank, a second proportional valve and a bubble humidifier; an outlet of the nitrogen storage tank is connected with an inlet of the second proportional valve, an outlet of the second proportional valve is connected with a gas inlet of the bubble humidifier, a gas outlet of the bubble humidifier is connected with a stack pipeline of the fuel cell;
the charging part is configured to charge the stack of the fuel cell, and comprises a power converter and a power battery, the power converter and the power battery are connected with an output of the stack; and
the data acquisition and calculation unit with a built-in voltage sensor and a built-in current sensor is connected with the gas supply part and the charging part in a control manner, respectively; and
measuring, by the active area and hydrogen permeation current measuring device, the active area and the hydrogen permeation current of the stack corresponding to each historical moment in the historical time period comprises:
determining whether measurement conditions are met, the measurement conditions are that pressure in the nitrogen storage tank is higher than a preset value, and the fuel cell is in a shutdown state;
in response to that the measurement conditions are met, adjusting pressure of an anode inlet of the stack to a preset value by adjusting an opening degree of a first proportional valve of a hydrogen subsystem, wherein the hydrogen subsystem is configured to provide the stack with hydrogen required for reaction, and the first proportional valve is connected with the anode inlet of the stack;
turning off a front throttle and a back pressure valve of an air subsystem, and adjusting the second proportional valve in real time to ensure that a cathode cavity of the stack is filled with nitrogen during measurement, wherein the air subsystem is configured to provide the stack with air required for the reaction, the front throttle is connected with a cathode inlet of the stack, and the back pressure valve is connected with a cathode outlet of the stack;
adjusting the bubble humidifier to adjust humidity of the nitrogen entering the cathode pipeline of the stack;
applying a triangular wave voltage sweep to the stack by means of the power battery and the power converter, and recording first current and voltage data;
obtaining a first voltammetry characteristic curve based on the first current and voltage data;
determining a hydrogen desorption peak area based on the first voltammetry characteristic curve;
calculating an electrochemical active area of the stack based on the hydrogen desorption peak area and a cyclic voltammetry sweep rate;
applying a linearly increasing voltage sweep to the stack, and recording second current and voltage data; and
obtaining a second voltammetry characteristic curve based on the second current and voltage data, wherein the hydrogen permeation current of the stack is a steady-state value of a final response current in the second voltammetry characteristic curve.