| CPC C02F 9/00 (2013.01) [B01D 61/0021 (2022.08); B01D 61/0022 (2022.08); B01D 61/025 (2013.01); B01D 61/027 (2013.01); B01D 61/029 (2022.08); B01D 61/58 (2013.01); B01D 63/02 (2013.01); B01D 2311/06 (2013.01); B01D 2311/08 (2013.01); B01D 2311/14 (2013.01); B01D 2317/022 (2013.01); B01D 2317/025 (2013.01); C02F 1/441 (2013.01); C02F 1/442 (2013.01); C02F 1/445 (2013.01); C02F 2103/08 (2013.01); C02F 2209/03 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A method of operating a brine concentration system, comprising the steps of:
supplying a divalent ion concentration unit with a saline source stream at a retentate side of the divalent ion concentration unit to output a divalent ion concentration unit retentate side stream and a divalent ion concentration unit permeate side stream,
supplying a first reverse osmosis membrane unit with at least a portion of the divalent ion concentration unit permeate side stream at a retentate side to output a first reverse osmosis membrane unit retentate side stream and a first reverse osmosis membrane unit permeate side stream,
optionally supplying a second reverse osmosis membrane unit with at least a portion of the first reverse osmosis unit retentate side stream at a retentate side to output a second reverse osmosis membrane unit retentate side stream and a second reverse osmosis membrane unit permeate side stream,
supplying a first brine concentrator with a first portion of the first reverse osmosis membrane unit retentate stream or a first portion of the optional second reverse osmosis membrane unit retentate side stream at a retentate side, and a second portion of the first reverse osmosis membrane unit or a second portion of the optional second reverse osmosis membrane unit retentate side stream at a permeate side to output a retentate side stream and a permeate side stream,
supplying a second brine concentrator with a first portion of the first brine concentrator retentate side stream at a retentate side, and a second portion of the first brine concentrator retentate side stream at a permeate side to output a second brine concentrator retentate side stream and a second brine concentrator permeate side stream, and
supplying the first and/or the optional second reverse osmosis membrane unit(s), at a retentate side only, with at least a portion of the first brine concentrator permeate side stream and/or the second brine concentrator permeate side stream.
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