| CPC A23C 9/1422 (2013.01) [A23C 1/04 (2013.01); A23C 9/142 (2013.01); A23C 17/00 (2013.01); A23J 7/00 (2013.01); A23L 33/115 (2016.08); B01D 61/146 (2022.08); B01D 61/147 (2013.01); B01D 61/149 (2022.08); B01D 61/18 (2013.01); A23L 2/00 (2013.01); B01D 2201/167 (2013.01)] | 7 Claims |

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1. A system for concentrating phospholipids, the system comprising:
a first ultrafiltration apparatus configured to subject a dairy composition comprising butter serum or buttermilk to ultrafiltration, wherein the ultrafiltration yields a first permeate and a first retentate;
a microfiltration apparatus configured to subject the first retentate to microfiltration, wherein the microfiltration yields a second permeate and a second retentate different from the first permeate and the first retentate;
a second ultrafiltration apparatus configured to subject the second retentate to ultrafiltration, wherein the ultrafiltration yields a third permeate and a third retentate different from the second permeate and the second retentate; and
a carbon dioxide injector configured to inject carbon dioxide into the system such that the first retentate and the second retentate are treated with carbon dioxide,
wherein the third retentate comprises a solution comprising at least about 30 wt % phospholipids.
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