CPC H01J 37/3007 (2013.01) [H01J 37/3174 (2013.01); H01J 2237/04 (2013.01)] | 35 Claims |
1. An apparatus comprising:
a series of electrodes arranged to generate a shaped electric field; and
a waveform device attached to the electrodes and configured to apply a periodic potential waveform to each electrode independently in a manner so as to form a quasi-electrostatic time varying potential gradient between adjacent electrodes and to spatially distribute charged particles propagating along the series of electrodes and to form a particle beam comprising a plurality of bunches spaced from one another, wherein the bunches have a non-zero particle density and spaces between the bunches have substantially zero particle density.
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