US 12,065,744 B2
Anti-coking iron spinel surface
Evan Mah, Calgary (CA); Vasily Simanzhenkov, Calgary (CA); Leslie Benum, Red Deer (CA); Hany Farag, Calgary (CA); and Bolaji Olayiwola, Calgary (CA)
Assigned to NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A., Fribourg (CH)
Filed by NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A., Fribourg (CH)
Filed on Oct. 27, 2021, as Appl. No. 17/512,334.
Application 17/512,334 is a division of application No. 15/901,121, filed on Feb. 21, 2018, granted, now 11,186,905.
Claims priority of application No. CA 2959625 (CA), filed on Mar. 1, 2017.
Prior Publication US 2022/0119933 A1, Apr. 21, 2022
Int. Cl. C23C 8/16 (2006.01); B01J 8/24 (2006.01); B01J 19/02 (2006.01); C10G 9/20 (2006.01); C10G 11/18 (2006.01); C10G 35/00 (2006.01); C22C 30/00 (2006.01); C22C 38/00 (2006.01); C22C 38/12 (2006.01); C22C 38/14 (2006.01); C22C 38/16 (2006.01); C22C 38/18 (2006.01); C23C 4/11 (2016.01); C23C 8/02 (2006.01); C23C 8/10 (2006.01); C23C 8/18 (2006.01); C23C 8/60 (2006.01); C23C 16/40 (2006.01); C23C 30/00 (2006.01)
CPC C23C 8/16 (2013.01) [B01J 8/24 (2013.01); B01J 19/02 (2013.01); C10G 9/203 (2013.01); C10G 11/18 (2013.01); C10G 35/00 (2013.01); C22C 30/00 (2013.01); C22C 38/00 (2013.01); C22C 38/12 (2013.01); C22C 38/14 (2013.01); C22C 38/16 (2013.01); C22C 38/18 (2013.01); C23C 4/11 (2016.01); C23C 8/02 (2013.01); C23C 8/10 (2013.01); C23C 8/18 (2013.01); C23C 8/60 (2013.01); C23C 16/405 (2013.01); C23C 16/406 (2013.01); C23C 30/00 (2013.01); B01J 2219/0236 (2013.01); C23C 16/408 (2013.01)] 16 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A process to produce a surface coating on a substrate comprising from 20 to 50 wt. % of Ni and less than 0.05 wt. % of one or more elements chosen from Cu and Al comprising:
applying to not less than 75% of the surface of the substrate a uniform coating comprising not less than 80 wt. % of one or more of copper, and copper oxides, provided elemental copper is present in an amount of less than 10 wt. %, and comprising less than 2 wt. % trace elements including Si, and
heating the surface to a temperature from 500° to 1000° C. for at least 3 cycles under alternating oxidizing atmospheres for a time of at least 15 hours and reducing atmospheres for a time of at least 1 hour;
wherein the uniform coating comprises a copper iron oxide and has a thickness less than 12 microns.