| CPC A61B 5/0031 (2013.01) [A61B 5/002 (2013.01); A61B 5/14532 (2013.01); A61B 5/1473 (2013.01); A61B 5/7275 (2013.01); A61B 2560/0219 (2013.01)] | 23 Claims |
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1. An implantable sensor with a thickness between 50 to 150 microns, a length between 1500 to 3000 microns, and a width between 400 and 1000 microns with a polymeric coating, said sensor comprising:
an implantable integrated circuit connected to a sensing element, said sensing element comprising at least two or more working electrodes, and one counter and one reference electrode, all made using lithographic processing, wherein each electrode comprises a conductive surface and at least one conductive surface is surface patterned to increase a contact surface area of the electrode, wherein each working electrode is connected to a respective potentiostat;
wherein the sensing element senses one or more analytes and generates two or more signals from the two or more working electrodes representative of the one or more analytes concentration, said signals received by the implantable integrated circuit;
wherein the implantable integrated circuit includes:
A) an analyte signal acquisition and processing unit that receives the two or more signals from the sensing element representative of the one or more analytes concentration;
B) an LC resonant unit comprising a tunable capacitor connected to an antenna;
C) a power management unit, said power management unit connected and providing power to the analyte signal acquisition and processing unit, said power management unit comprising a calibration machine, a low voltage low drop out regulator, a rectifier, and a voltage detector, wherein the voltage detector measures a rectifier output voltage VRECT and the calibration machine maximizes output voltage VRECT from the rectifier through alignment of the resonant frequency of the implantable sensor with a wireless transceiver by modulation of the tunable capacitor; and
D) a telemetry unit connected to the analyte signal and processing unit LC resonant unit, and power management unit which transmits A) data representative of said analyte concentration and, B) measured rectifier output voltage VRECT,
wherein the implantable integrated circuit is formed in CMOS on a single CMOS substrate and the sensing element is formed on top of the same CMOS substrate to generate a monolithically integrated sensor.
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