CPC H01M 10/052 (2013.01) [H01M 4/133 (2013.01); H01M 4/136 (2013.01); H01M 4/139 (2013.01); H01M 4/1395 (2013.01); H01M 4/581 (2013.01); H01M 4/587 (2013.01); H01M 10/0468 (2013.01); H01M 10/0481 (2013.01); H01M 10/058 (2013.01); H01M 10/0525 (2013.01); H01M 4/13 (2013.01); H01M 4/40 (2013.01); Y02E 60/10 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |
1. A method, comprising:
performing 30 cycles of discharging and charging of an electrochemical cell, the electrochemical cell comprising:
a first electrode comprising metallic lithium; and
a second electrode; and
applying, during at least one period of time during the discharging and/or charging, an anisotropic force having a component normal to a surface of the metallic lithium of the first electrode,
wherein, after the 30 cycles of discharging and charging, the first electrode has a porosity of less than or equal to 65%.
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