| CPC G03G 9/0823 (2013.01) [G03G 9/0819 (2013.01); G03G 9/0825 (2013.01); G03G 9/0827 (2013.01); G03G 9/08711 (2013.01); G03G 9/08773 (2013.01); G03G 9/09708 (2013.01); G03G 15/0877 (2013.01); G03G 21/1814 (2013.01)] | 7 Claims |

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1. A toner, comprising:
a toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein
when measuring impedances in accordance with a series of impedance measurements including the steps of:
(i) preparing a first treated sample by leaving the toner under an environment of a temperature of 30° C. and relative humidity of 50% for 20 minutes;
(ii) measuring an impedance of the first treated sample under an environment of a temperature of 30° C. and relative humidity of 50% while varying a frequency from 100 kHz to 0.0215 Hz;
(iii) preparing a second treated sample by leaving the first treated sample for 20 minutes under an environment of a temperature of 50° C. and relative humidity of 50%;
(iv) measuring an impedance of the second treated sample under environment of a temperature of 50° C. and a relative humidity of 50% while varying a frequency from 100 kHz to 0.0215 Hz;
(v) preparing a third treated sample by leaving the second treated sample for 20 minutes under an environment of a temperature of 30° C. and relative humidity of 50%; and
(vi) measuring an impedance of the third treated sample under environment of a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 50% while varying a frequency from 100 kHz to 0.0215 Hz,
0.015≤tan δ50° C.(1)≤0.050 and 0.25≤tan δ30° C.(2)/tan δ50° C.(1)≤0.66
when tan δ50° C. (1) is a dielectric loss tangent at a frequency of 10 kHz calculated from the impedance measured in step (iv) and tan δ30° C. (2) is a dielectric loss tangent at a frequency of 10 kHz calculated from the impedance measured in step (vi).
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