| CPC H04L 9/0852 (2013.01) | 15 Claims |

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1. A quantum key distribution system based on an RFI (reference frame independent) QKD (quantum key distribution) protocol, the quantum key distribution system comprising:
a quantum channel transmitter configured to generate a first quantum signal including quantum information and provide the first quantum signal to an external device through a quantum channel;
a first public channel transceiver configured to generate an optical signal including first additional information related to a QKD operation, and to transmit and receive the optical signal through a public channel;
a second public channel transceiver configured to receive the optical signal through the public channel and to generate a measurement result by measuring a circular polarization component of the optical signal;
a polarization correction circuit configured to receive the first quantum signal from the quantum channel transmitter through the quantum channel, and to generate a second quantum signal by correcting a polarization distortion of the first quantum signal based on the measurement result, the polarization distortion being caused by the quantum channel; and
a quantum channel receiver configured to receive the second quantum signal from the polarization correction circuit, and to demodulate the quantum information from the second quantum signal.
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