| CPC H10N 60/0632 (2023.02) [H10N 60/0801 (2023.02); H10N 60/0828 (2023.02)] | 11 Claims |

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1. A method of forming a superconducting wire, comprising:
forming a buffer layer on a substrate; and
providing a superconducting precursor on the buffer layer, to form a superconducting film including Y1-xRExBCO on the substrate,
wherein:
0<x≤1,
the superconducting film has a first composition ratio of Y+RE and Cu relative to Ba,
the superconducting precursor is provided using a source including Y+RE, Ba, and Cu,
the source has a second composition ratio of Y+RE and Cu relative to Ba, and
the second composition ratio is greater than the first composition ratio.
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