| CPC B60W 60/0015 (2020.02) [B60W 40/076 (2013.01); B60W 40/107 (2013.01); B60W 40/13 (2013.01); B60W 50/00 (2013.01); H04L 12/40 (2013.01); B60W 2050/0052 (2013.01); B60W 2510/0657 (2013.01); B60W 2510/18 (2013.01); B60W 2530/10 (2013.01); B60W 2552/15 (2020.02); H04L 2012/40215 (2013.01); H04L 2012/40273 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method for controlling a vehicle, comprising:
generating, based on a mechanical model of at least a transmission of the vehicle, a first estimate of a wheel torque;
generating, based on a velocity and an acceleration of the vehicle, a second estimate of the wheel torque;
generating, based on using a Kalman filter to combine the first estimate of the wheel torque and the second estimate of the wheel torque, a third estimate of the wheel torque;
generating, based on applying an extended Kalman filter (EKF) with a damping process model to the third estimate of the wheel torque, a fourth estimate of the wheel torque;
generating, based on dividing the fourth estimate of the wheel torque, a plurality of wheel torque components corresponding to a propulsion of an engine of the vehicle, a braking of the engine of the vehicle, and an air brake of the vehicle; and
controlling, based on the plurality of wheel torque components, the vehicle.
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